Theoretical justification of an automated device parameters with a digital control system for removing infected potato and vegetable crops

Abstract

Modern agricultural production requires the implementation of high-tech solutions to ensure crop safety and improve product quality. One of the pressing issues in crop production is the development of automated tools for detecting and removing infected plants, which reduce yield and complicate post-harvest processing.Research objective. To justify the parameters of an automated device with a digital control system for the removal of infected potato and vegetable plants, ensuring a gentle impact on the tubers during initial separation.Materials and methods. The study included simulation of the kinematics of tuber nest movement on the vibrating surface of the separating elevator. The dependence of tuber impact velocity on vibration parameters was calculated, and optimal modes were identified. A self-unloading hopper design was developed and modeled in the SolidWorks software environment.Research results. Dependencies were established between the kinematic mode coefficient of the elevator, the tuber detachment phase, and the velocity of its impact with the surface. Operating modes that ensure minimal tuber damage were identified. A design of an automated device with a self-unloading hopper was developed, including a bucket-shaped working body, a cleaning unit, and digital control elements.Discussion and conclusion. The analysis confirmed the efficiency of the selected parameters and device design, which are suitable for use in selective harvesting systems to improve the phytosanitary condition of crops and preserve tubers.