IDENTIFICATION OF GENOTYPES FREE FROM A SELECTIVE MARKER GENE AMONG POPULATIONS OF A BIOTECHNOLOGICAL COTTON VARIETY

Abstract

This article focuses on modern strategies and methods for producing transgenic plants without selective marker genes. The classification of the most used methods in the world is given. Also the prospecting way to identify beanamycin-free genotypes from the cotton population of the Porlock-1 variety is presented. In to plasmid vectors are designed for transformation necessarily include genes for identifying transformants. As a rule, these are genes of antibiotic resistance (for example, genes of neomycin phosphotransferase (npt II) and hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt)), the products of which ensure the growth of transformed plant tissue on a selective medium. For their main function performed in the process of genetic engineering works they are called selective marker genes (SMG). After screening of transformed cells these genes lose their meaning, but remain in the genome of transformants. Since such sequences have come to be called the “genetic load” and even “genetic debris” it became necessary to remove these genes from the plant genome. The work of such character on cotton is carried out for the first time also as the technology of RNA interference for cotton, which has changed the fiber quality characteristics. In the course of our work more than 259 plants were obtained (the first year of analysis), which were reproduced in 2019, 55% of them give a negative PCR result with a pair of Kan F / Kan R primers.