GENOMIC SELECTION: THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The analysis of the selection science with two main stages in its development characteristic (phenotypic and genomic selection) was carried out. The phenotypic selection is based on the wide range of the starting material variability with hybridization using, as well as conscious and unconscious selection by phenotype. The latest advances in molecular genetics had determined the formation of the theoretical and methodological base for genomic selection development from the middle of the last century. It is based on the genotypic selection principles taking into account specific DNA nucleotide base sequences and new organisms creation by the genetic engineering methods. A problems facing contemporary fodder crop selection science  can’t be solved without  fundamental science as plant physiology, which task is to identify genomic natural and artificial targets the polymorphism of them is directly associated with their economic characteristics and properties. The special focus should be pay to the physiologic processes mathematics modeling which has an important role in the identifying the limiting factors of new selection achievements increasing productivities and ecological resistance.