TURGENEVSKOE AND TRAINER PETROV ARE NEW TRIPLOID APPLE TREES VARIETIES OF VNIISPK SELECTION

Abstract

Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) has been engaged in the creation of triploid apple cultivars for about 50 years. To date, the Institute has created and included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements Approved for Use (zoned) 19 triploid cultivars, including 13 obtained from targeted heterochromosomal crosses. The value of triploid cultivars lies in the fact that they are characterized by more regular fruiting, produce more marketable fruits and have a higher self-fertility. The listed advantages of triploid apple cultivars ensure their competitiveness in comparison with diploid and foreign cultivars. Long-term large-scale breeding work at VNIISPK has allowed us to replenish the apple assortment with triploid cultivars since 1989. So, over the past 10 years (2013-2022), 8 triploid VNIISPK apple cultivars of different maturation periods have been included in the State Register. Special attention should be paid to the new triploid cultivars Turgenevskoe and Trener Petrov. The cultivars were developed from crossing a hybrid seedling 18-53-22 with a tetraploid form of the Wealthy cultivar. Turgenevskoe is a scab resistant winter cultivar. Fruit weight is 180 g. The main color of the fruit at the time of removable maturity is green. The cover color is blurred, brownish and red on most of the fruit surface. The advantages of the cultivar are high yield, regular fruiting, resistance to scab, marketability and taste quality of fruits. Trener Petrov is a scab immune (V_f) late winter cultivar. The main color of the fruit is greenish and yellow. The cover color is red, blurred with barely noticeable stripes on most of the fruit surface. Fruit weight is 170 g. The advantages of the cultivar are regular fruiting, high yields and high resistance to scab, commercial and consumer qualities of fruits.