DETERMINATION OF THE SOYBEAN PLANTS RESISTANCE TO HERBICIDES BASED ON THE STUDY OF FLUORIMETRY PARAMETERS IN LEAVES

Abstract

The influence of the soil herbicide Frontier Optima at a dose of 1.2 l/ha, when applied before sowing, and the herbicides Pivot (0.7 l/ha), Pulsar (0.8 l/ha), Fabian (100 g/ha) were studied using vegetative plants on the intensity of photosynthetic processes in photosystem II of leaves of various varieties and forms of wild soybeans. Soybean resistance to herbicides was determined on the basis of fluorimetry parameters - photosynthesis quantum yield (Y) and chlorophyll fluorescence quantum yield. It was found that 3 hours after the treatment of crops of the Harmonia variety with herbicides, the fluorescence quantum yield (F) decreased by 32 % compared to the control, and the maximum quantum yield of photosynthesis increased by 2-8 %, depending on the type of herbicide. The variety Zhuravushka showed the greatest resistance to Frontiere, while the quantum yield of photosynthesis was the highest, and the quantum yield of chlorophyll fluorescence was the lowest compared to other varieties. Plants of the Harmoniya variety in the flowering phase reacted to a lesser extent to their treatment with Pulsar herbicide compared to Pivot, Fabian and Frontier. In early maturing forms of wild soybean with a vegetation period of up to 100 days, active assimilation of light quanta by Photosystem II began from the phase of bean formation, and in the cultivar, from the flowering phase in the variant using the soil herbicide Frontier, which indicates a longer negative effect on plants of wild forms compared with cultivated ones and confirms the greater sensitivity of wild soybean forms to soil herbicide. Using fluorimetry indicators, it is possible to accurately and quickly determine the adaptive abilities of varieties to the effects of herbicides in the field.