SOLINIZATION INFLUENCE ON STRUCTURE YIELD ELEMENTS OF DURUM WHEAT VARIETIES (T. DURUM DESF.) IN TERMS OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT STAGE

Abstract

The studies were carried out at the Dagestan Experimental Station of VIR. The most salt-tolerant varieties of durum wheat of different ecological and geographical origin served as the material for the study. Plants were exposed to salinity in different phases of vegetation. In all phases (germination, tillering, budding, heading), the number of grains from the main ear is most susceptible to salinity (58.0%, 73.5, 75.1, 77.0% of control, respectively). Indicators of other traits: plant height - 68.0%, 83.0, 86.2, 86.6; the number of spikelets in an ear – 72.5, 84.4, 87.3, 93.0; ear length - 74.0, 82.8, 84.0, 88.3%, respectively. In the early stages of development (germination, tillering), durum wheat varieties show poor resistance to salinity. Salt tolerance growing to heading is a manifestation of the body's adaptation to the accumulation of toxic ions under conditions of increasing salinity due to water evaporation and the pulling of salts into the root layer during the growing season.