MORFOBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF BROCCOLI SPROUT IN THE SUMMER-AUTUMN PERIOD OF CULTIVATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTH DAGESTAN

Abstract

The studies were carried out at the Dagestan OS VIR in 2015-2017 during the summer-autumn cultivation period. Objects are 15 varieties and hybrids of broccoli sproud obtained from the resource department of VIR. Origin of samples are Japan (9), Russia (2), USA (2), Canada (1), Netherlands (1). The repetition is twofold, the area of the plot is 8.4 m2. The variety Tonus was taken as a control sample. Agrotechnics of cultivation is generally accepted for cabbage crops in this region. Seedlings were planted in the 3rd decade of July, scheme is 70x40cm, seeds were sown for seedlings in open ground in the 2nd decade of June. Biometric studies of plants were carried out in duplicate, starting from planting every 10 days, 10 plants in each variant. Accounting for the continuous plot crop as the heads ripen (25, 50, 75%) and the second-order crop arrives. When harvesting, we learned the weight and number of heads, the average weight of the head from the main stem, the total weight and number of lateral shoots on the plant and plot. Mineral fertilizer was applied fractionally three times. Growing conditions for broccoli in 2015-2017 were in extreme weather conditions. During the summer-autumn period of cultivation in the conditions of the flat zone of Southern Dagestan, it is possible to obtain a high-quality commercial crop of broccoli, it is also possible to engage in seed production of early ripening varieties and hybrids with subsequent ripening. The more and sooner the broccoli plant gains leaves, the earlier the heads form. After removal of the central heads after 7…12 days during watering, heads of the second order are formed. The most valuable traits were noted: in Sureer N 74310 F1 RS for maturing rate; Landmark F1 and Fortuna is productivity and head quality; Coastal 57051 A is the best biometric indicators.