PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY AND YIELD FORMATION OF A NEW EARLY MATURING SENTYABRINKA SOYBEAN VARIETY DEPENDING ON FERTILIZATION LEVEL

Abstract

The positive effect of fertilizers on the crop photosynthetic activity of the early ripening variety of soybean Sentyabrinka with prolonged use of mineral and organic fertilizers in a stationary experiment with meadow chernozem-like soil in the Amur region has been established. Application of mineral fertilizers in a dose of N₆₀P₉₀ ensured the formation of the maximum leaf area in soybean crop at the level of 55 thousand m²/ha, exceeding the control by 52.4%. This study noted a positive dynamic in the formation of leaf area during the entire growing season of soybean under conditions of optimal temperature conditions and sufficient supply of plants with moisture in the period from the beginning of the generation of pods to their formation. The photosynthetic potential reached its maximum values by the stage of pods formation, seeds filling in plants of all tests of the experiment and was the highest in crops under application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N₆₀P₉₀, exceeding the control by 39%. The productivity of the photosynthetic potential (PPP) during the formation of crop economically valuable importance varied from 2.0 to 2.2 kg per 1000 PP units, which ensured the biological seed yield at 4.0 - 4.6 t/ha, depending on the dose of fertilizers. Correlation analysis confirmed the 85-90% dependence of the yield of the early maturing soybean variety Sentyabrinka on the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus. The correlation coefficient between leaf area and yield was 0.95 (d_yx=0.90), which confirmed the strong dependence (90%) of yield on leaf area and duration of its work (r =0.92, d_yx=0.85).