STUDY OF A NEW APPLE TREES VARIETIES ON A WEAKLY GROWING STOCK M-9 IN CHECHEN REPUBLIC CONDITIONS

Abstract

The article provides a comparative analysis of productivity, fruit formation and growth rate of introduced apple varieties trees. The work was carried out on the basis of collection apple plantations of the Chechen Research Institute of Agriculture experimental field. The soil of the experimental site is leached chernozem with underlying gravel, the humus content in the arable layer is 3.9%. The climate is moderate continental. The relief is flat and low. The temperature conditions of the Chechen Republic are very diverse. The average annual air temperature is 10.4 °C, the minimum temperature is – 28 °C, and the maximum is 42 °C. The research objects are ten apple varieties of domestic and foreign selection: Red Chief, Enterprise, Florina, Morden Duft, Jonagold, Pink Lady, Ligol, Rumyanets alpinista, Golden Bee, Renet Simirenko. In experimentation were guided by the program and methodology of collection variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops, as well as the methodology of research in horticulture. The stock M-9, which is widely used in the southern regions of our country, ensures the relative durability of trees and their high productivity. It is also of interest to study the biological fitness of dwarf apple trees on this rootstock and in intensive irrigated orchards. Based on the long-term researches we recommend all of the above varieties for irrigated intensive gardens of the Chechen Republic and regions similar in climate, with the exception of Morden Duft, Jonagold, Ligol. They can be grown, but on a limited scale.