INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS TYPES ON THE NUTRIENTS DYNAMICS IN THE ARABLE LAYER OF A MEADOW CHESTNUT SOIL

Abstract

The article presents the results of a field experiment on the different fertilizers effect (green manure, manure, straw, mineral fertilizers) on the soil agrochemical properties under the Terek-Sulak plain of the Republic of Dagestan irrigation conditions. At the experimental Kirov station, of the Khasavyurt District on a total area of 1505 m² in 2015-2019 were studied the content of the main nutrients in cattle manure, the phytomass of green manure crops and the dynamics of fertilizers for nutrients in the arable layer. Green manure crops (seed peas, spring rape, and amaranth) were sown during the stubble period after harvesting winter wheat. The plowing under of green manures herbage was carried out in the initial phase of budding, winter wheat straw – 2 t / ha, cattle manure – 30 t / ha, mineral fertilizers – N150P75K75. Then water-charging irrigation was used 1000-1200 m³ / ha. Soil studies revealed that in the areas of the experiment where the sowing peas grew, nitrate nitrogen for the entire growing season next year contained 37.8-54.1 mg / kg, mobile phosphorus under crops of spring grain crops – 33.0-34.84 mg / kg of soil was noted in spring and to autumn its amount in the topsoil was gradually decreased (23.5-24.9 mg / kg). The exchangeable potassium amount in the meadow chestnut soil (control without fertilizers) was varied slightly. The manure application by its positive effect on the specified soil regime approaches to the spring rape and amaranth green mass plowing under. The most favorable soil regime under irrigated conditions were formed during plowing of the sowing peas green mass.