STUDY OF DYNAMIC PROCESSES IN THE AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE USING A PERENNIAL GRASSES EXAMPLE

Abstract

The paper shows the results of studying the characteristics of the temporal dynamics of productivity of a perennial five-component grass stand in various parts of the agrolandshaft of the finite moraine ridge. The studies were carried out at the agroecological training ground of the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands - Branch of the Federal Research Centre V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute in 2003-2013. Observations of the dynamics of grass yields were carried out on the transect - a physico-geographical profile that intersects the main landscape positions of the moraine hill, at 120 points regularly located. Yield monitoring results were processed using descriptive statistics methods, as well as variance, cluster and correlation analysis. To interpret the results of observations, we used the parameters of agroclimatic conditions for the growing periods of the research years. Studies have shown that the most convenient for studying the dynamics of crop yields are data derived from its point values, since they are devoid of "emissions" and are closest to the normal distribution law. A fairly informative method for identifying areas with the same yield dynamics on the terrain is cluster analysis, the results of which can be represented as sets of points on a map or profile. A study of the relative positions of space points belonging to different clusters showed that they are located in the form of associations gravitating to certain agromicrolandscapes - mesorelief elements. The initial statistical analysis of cluster parameters, as well as the construction of histograms of their distributions, makes it possible to divide them into groups determined by landscape features. Correlation analysis makes it possible to determine the factors that shape the nature of the dynamics of crop yields within a particular cluster. It was revealed that these factors largely depend on the microlandscape features of the agrogeosystem. Based on information on the nature of the temporal dynamics of crop yields in various parts of the agrolandscape, one can predict its productivity and adapt packages of measures to optimize the use of a specific field in agricultural practice.