ADAPTABILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER WHEAT IN CEN-TRAL NON BLACK EARTH CONDITIONS

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study of winter soft wheat varieties in the nursery of competitive variety testing in 2017-2020. The research was carried out at the experimental field of the ISA – a branch of the FGBNU FNAC VIM (Ryazan region). The zoned variety of winter wheat Angelina was used as a standard. Different weather conditions during the growing season allowed a more objective assessment of the features of plant growth and development. Overwintering ranged from 96 to 99%, while winter hardiness of the standard variety was 98 %. The average yield of cultivars varied from 6.44 to 7.47 t/ha, while the yield of the standard Angelina variety was 6.44 t / ha. On average, over the years of study, the best yield numbers among the tested samples are the lines L 29/20 (7.47 t/ha) and L 23/20 (6.83 t/ha). The main elements of the yield structure are: the density Pro-productive stalks, number of grains per spike, weight of grain per spike, length of spike and weight of 1000 grains. The analysis of the crop structure showed that in the years of research, the number of productive stems per 1 m2 by numbers varied from 442 pcs. line L 28/20 up to 618 pcs. the Angelina variety. The correlation analysis showed that there was a weak positive relationship between the yield and the length of the ear (r= + 0.10). The correlation coefficient between the mass of 1000 grains and the yield r = - 0.16. As a result of the study, it was found that the L 29/20 line is promising, combining high productivity with adaptability to various growing conditions.