THE USE OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES TO INCREASE THE RESISTANCE OF SOYBEANS TO HERBICIDES

Abstract

The research was carried out of the effect of a biologically active substance on the reduction of herbicidal load during the cultivation of Kitrossa soybean variety in the Amur Region.As a biologically active substance used the natural preparation ExtraCor obtained by processing Daurian larch (Larix gmelinii).Field experiments were carried out in 2017–2019 on meadow chernozem-like soils in the southern soil-climatic zone of the Amur Region, laboratory experiments were carried out in the seed science group of the All-Russian Soybean Research Institute.Laboratory investigation found that on average for three years the use of the biologically active substance ExtraCor allowed to reduce the number of abnormally developed seedlings by 2.3 times compared with the control.The length of germinating seedlings during ExtraCor seed treatment was, on average, 1.5 cm longer relative to the control. The variation range was 17.3%, in the control - 18.4%.The treatment of seeds and vegetative soybean plants with the ExtraCor drug contributed to an increase in germination energy by 3...6% compared with the control variant and by 8...11% relative to the use of the herbicide. In the variant with the use of herbicidal treatment, a 5% decrease in the germination energy was noted in comparison with the control variant. The analysis of the crop structure showed that on average over the years of research, the use of a natural preparation for vegetating plants in combination with presowing seed treatment contributed to an increase in the number of beans by 0.4-2.5 pcs., and seeds - by 0.7-3.5 pcs. per 1 plant compared to the variant where, when processing crops with herbicides, ExtraCor was not used. The weight of seeds from 1 plant increased by 0.2-0.8 g. The biological yield of seeds on average increased to 3.08 t/ha with 2.92 t/ha in the control and 2.62 t/ha in the variant with the use of herbicides.