AGROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF WINTER WHEAT SAMPLES

Abstract

Laboratory and field assessment of 436 samples of winter barley of different systematic affiliation and ecological and geographical origin was carried out at the Dagestan experimental station. Productive varieties of winter barley are selected from the world collection. Samples were evaluated by precocity. The date of earing is used as a criterion. According to the rate of development of most varieties of medium. Studied field resistance to common fungal diseases (powdery mildew, dwarf rust). Of particular breeding value are varieties Yura, Punch (Germany) and Rambeer (France), resistant to two pathogens. As a rule, Western European barley breeding on the natural infectious background of southern Dagestan show resistance. In the conditions of irrigated agriculture and intensive type of farming, the yield of grain crops is significantly affected by resistance to lodging, the selected samples are relatively stable. The height of the stem is 100,0-115,0 cm. the Value of the indicator is optimal for the conditions of irrigated agriculture of South-flat Dagestan. An important yield-forming element of the barley is a productive plant stand. The variation of the parameter 400-945 in double-row; 350-689 pieces/m2 - shestibalny forms. This differentiation is associated with morphological features of the subspecies of barley culture. Grain size depends on the mass of 1000 grains. This indicator in two-row productive varieties is 51.3 ... 63.2; six-row – 43.4 ... 53.5, respectively. Found barley varieties to the metric value of 53.5 – 63.2 per g: Cornelia, Bombay, Yura, Viraca and Intro of selection Germany. The above elements contribute to the formation of such an integral feature as the final yield of the variety. The weight of grain per unit area of the marked samples is 500 – 635 g. Good productive stalk (834.0-945.0 pcs/m²) in combination with large grain (51.8-56.0 g) provide a high yield (520.0-610.0 g/m²) samples Docile, Caprise, Marlen and Merry selection of France. Varieties can be recommended for inclusion in breeding and genetic programs.