INFLUENCE OF PROCESSING METHODS OF MIGRATION-MYCELIAL CHERNOZEM ON CROPS YIELD

Abstract

In a link of a crop rotation in the conditions of the field experience put in 2014 on the lands V.V. Dokuchaev Research Institute of Agriculture of the Central Black Earth strip during 2015-2017, we studied the changes in productivity of agricultural crops (peas, winter wheat, grain maize), depending on processing method chernozems. A year and three years after the experience in the soil layers 1 - 6, 11 -16, 21 – 26, 31 - 36 cm see drill N. A. Kaczynski in five-fold repetition determined the bulk mass. It was found that in the two years that passed between the definitions of bulk density significantly increased the density of the soil in the variant with zero treatment, which became significantly higher for all the studied layers of soils in comparison with other variants of experiments. Three years later, the experiments began to appear significant differences in density and between other variants of the experiment: between the moldboard and minimum treatment in the layer 11-16 cm, between the moldboard treatment and plowing in the layer 21 – 26 cm. It is shown that the yield of crops in the variant with zero treatment was significantly lower compared to other methods. The decrease in yield in this variant was closely related to the ongoing soil compaction. Consideration of the winter wheat quality indicators (protein content, gluten, gluten deformation index) made it possible to conclude that the grain of this crop, grown on soils with zero tillage, exceeded the quality of the grain obtained in other variants.