POMOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PLUM FRUITS

Abstract

The bio-effecting agents accumulations in plums are determined by genetically. Winter hardiness, yield, conveyor fruit season of this culture makes it appreciable for guarantee the yield under the Moscow region conditions. The economic and selection value, qualitative and quantitative composition of biologically active metabolites in fruit were studied with using five Plum forms of the two types: Prunus rossica Erem. and Prunus domestica L. from RNTIGN genepool in comparison with five species of this genuses. The genotypes of Prunus domestica L. species have a hexaploid chromosomes set and differ from Prunus rossica Erem. genotypes with a diploid chromosomes set, as well as high tree height (by 21 %), flower buds winter hardiness and conveyor maturation period (August - September). Using the HPLC method in plum fruits was determined the content (mg/100 g) of gallic (0,09 ... 0,30) and chlorogenic acid (1,76 ... 3,34). In accordance with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methods were identified 75 low molecular weight metabolites which forming the nutrition value and gustatory. The Prunus domestica L. - Sapphire and Prunus rossica Erem. -Soyuznaya, seedling of Rannyaya pink and Carmen-suite genotypes have a combine of economic value properties.