The role of the variety in improving the efficiency of soybean production in the Amur region

Abstract

The main producer of soybean in the Far East is Amur region, where the majority of seeds (85 %) is occupied by breeding varieties of FSBSI Research Institute of soybean, which is more than 600 thousand hectares. The most popular and commercially successful varieties are Lydia (25,5 %), Dauria (25,2 %) and Harmony (20,5 %) from the total soybean seeds area in the Amur region. The introduction of new varieties was promoted crop increase from 1960 to 2014 years, more than twice. From 2011 to 2014 as a result of the variety assortment improving and cultivation technology the soybean average yield was increased to 12,9 centner per hectare. Record harvest of all time of cultivation was collected in 2014 (1069,1 thousand tons) with productivity at 14,5 c / ha level. Based on the profitableness analysis of 20 agricultural enterprises Amur area was found that three or four growing soybean varieties better than one or two because self-cost is reduced of 40.55 % and the average margin is increased by 26 %.