Succession stages of the light chestnut soil and sand massif vegetation in the Tersko-Kumskaya semi-desert
Keywords:
soil-vegetation cover, succession, semi-desert, community, pasture, phytocenosisAbstract
The article deals with the development of the processes of vegetation change of pasture ecosystems depending on ecological and anthropogenic factors.Studies have shown that in conditions of insufficient moistening and anthropogenic press, pasture phytocenoses are highly vulnerable to degradation processes. One of the anthropogenic causes of degradation is overgrazing, an increase in the number of sheep in free grazing. It is expressed in the thinning of vegetation, denudation of areas, the structure of the vegetation cover changes, the valuable grassy grasses fall out of the grass stand and replace them with haloxerophytic species.There is a change in plant communities. The plant communities are represented by saltwort-sagebrush groups which possess the environment-forming properties of conservation and distribution of moisture and make it possible to use moisture to other plants during vegetation. On the slopes of sandy massifs are noted sedge-wormwood communities, etc. Participation in reed communities indicates more favorable moistening conditions, which are created on the slopes or at the foot of sandy hillocks. The penetration and spreading into the natural ecosystems of the rare invasive species Cucumis prophetarum L., the non-hazardous weed on the sandy massif and locally on the light chestnut soil of the studied area of the Kochubeyskaya biosphere station, probably depends on many factors, both natural and biogeographical. Over the years 2010-2015 (with the exception of 2015, strongly arid), its range spread by 25% and a new population appeared in small areas.
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