Selection of put-in rootstocks of apple tree

Abstract

Dwarf and semi dwarf stock forms combined with ‘Bolotovskoye’ were selected as they gave the largest yield. Trees on well-known dwarf (3-17-38) and semi dwarf (3-4-98) intermediate stocks were used as control ones. The climate in the side of studies is temperate continental, relatively warm and moderately humid, characterized by uneven distribution of rainfall at times of the year. Orchard soil is dark-grey forest with medium loamy mechanical composition, thickness of the humus horizon is 30.40 cm. Yield records were conducted in 2010-2015. Following the preliminary results the best 6 variety-stock combinations were selected. No signs of incompatibility of studied varieties with those intermediate stock forms were noted. Among dwarf forms the 27-1-143 form (obtained from the 3-4-98 x P-22 crossing) was of the greatest interest. It had an average yield of 20,4 kg per one tree that significantly exceeded the control variant. The most productive trees among semi dwarf ones were the trees on the intermediate stock 27-4-157 (3-4-98 x P-22). They significantly exceeded control 3-4-98 inthe yield - 25,4 kg per one tree. Following the preliminary results these forms were the most promising ones. Using freezer “ESPEC” PSL-2 KPN, it was established, that in our zone those forms had a sufficient potential of resistance for the four components according to the winter hardiness complex. Study of production valuable characters of the new intermediate stocks of VNIISPK breeding and determination of the best variety-stock combinations will make possible to give recommendations for orchard planting on these intercalary stocks.