FAR EASTERN VARIETY OF SPRING TRITICALE STUDENT

Abstract

The article presents the results of creating a new spring triticale variety, Uchenik, for the soil and climatic conditions of the Far East. The Uchenik variety has been submitted for State Variety Testing – application number 92550/7451301 (dated 15.01.2025). The variety originates from Ukro x DalGAU 1. Variety authors: Aseeva T.A., Zenkina K.V., Trifuntova I.B. The variety is hexaploid, the variety is erythrospermum. The genotype is mid-season (80-88 days), the heading time is early. The plant is tall (111.4 cm). The average yield of the Uchenik variety over the years of research (2020-2024) was 41.6 c/ha, exceeding the standard Ukro variety by 5.5 c/ha. The yield potential (2022) is 49.3 c/ha, 20 % higher than the standard. The main structural elements of productivity in the new Uchenik variety were significantly higher than in the standard Ukro variety – productive tillering 4.0 pcs. (by 1.6 pcs.), the number of grains per plant is 153.6 pcs. (by 72.2 pcs.), the weight of seeds per plant is 5.8 g (by 2.4 g). In terms of the complex of main economically valuable productivity traits, the new Uchenik variety exceeds the Ukro standard by 23% (Js=123%). The grain harvesting index of the new triticale variety is higher (K_hoz=0.90) compared to the standard (K_hoz=0.68). The Uchenik variety is characterized by high resistance to lodging and average resistance to grain germination on the root. The genotype is susceptible to powdery mildew and fusarium head blight, and was not affected by ergot and rust during the years of research. The technology of cultivation, harvesting and processing of the spring triticale variety Uchenik is generally accepted for spring grain crops in the Far East region.