QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS WITH FOLIARY PLANTS TREATMENT WITH MINERAL FERTILIZERS

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of foliar treatment of vegetative soybean plants with liquid mineral fertilizers containing macro- and microelements on the quality indicators of seeds in the foothill zone of Kabardino-Balkaria. The article presents the results of studies for 2020–2022 with an assessment of the dependence of the quality of soybean seeds on the elemental composition of fertilizers. An increase in protein content was shown when treating plants with Ammonium Molybdate (0.1 kg/ha) and Polydon Molybdenum (0.2 l/ha): on average, over three years, the protein content in the seeds of SK Veda increased by 3.5–5.0%, and in Rubin – by 2.6–4.3% compared to the control. Treatment of soybeans with the nutritional corrector Polydon Molybdenum in the early phase of development (primordial leaf) provided maximum protein content in seeds: 41.2% in SK Veda seeds and 35.8% in Rubin seeds. At the same time, the use of the mineral complex Polydon NPK (2 l/ha) led to a decrease in the quality of seeds of the SK Veda variety: the protein content decreased by 3.8–4.8% depending on the treatment period. Treatment with the fertilizer Polydon Bor (0.5 l/ha) also reduced the protein content, although to a lesser extent – by 1.0–2.1%. Foliar application of fertilizers containing molybdenum caused a decrease in the oil content in seeds: in the SK Veda variety – by 0.76–1.01% (with control values of 19.05%), in the Rubin variety – by 0.74–1.44% (with control values of 21.69%). It was established that the efficiency of using Polydon Molybdenum (0.2 l/ha) in increasing the proportion of protein in the total content of protein and oil is lower in the Rubin variety than in the SK Veda variety, which indicates a variety-specific reaction of plants to this type of microfertilizer.