EVALUATION OF CORN VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS BY YIELD IN THE COLLECTION NURSERY OF KHABAROVSK REGION

Abstract

In this study, presented in the article, maize varieties and hybrids of both domestic and foreign breeding were studied in a collection nursery at the experimental field of the Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture for 5 years (2020-2024) in the Khabarovsk Territory. The object of study: varieties – Birsu (standard), Guran 2, Alitet 2; hybrids – Moldavian 215 SV, Russian 1, ROSS 140 SV, ROSS 199 MV, R 7515, R 8521, R 7460, Katerina, Bemo 182, Prokhladnensky 175 SV, Vilora, Berta, Porumbeni 175 SV. The soil of the experimental area under test: meadow-brown heavy loamy. During the years of the study, the supply of heat and moisture was unstable and characterized by uneven humidification. The biological yield of corn of domestic and foreign breeding was assessed. It was found that hybrids P 7515, P 8521 and P 7460 are capable of yielding high yields of grain with a standard 14% humidity and green mass, but due to the long growing season they ripen to waxy ripeness, the Katerina hybrid to milky-waxy. These hybrids can be cultivated for silage and green mass until mid-September. The new varieties of breeding DV NIISH Alitet 2 and Guran 2 significantly exceed the Birsu control for grain yields of 14 % moisture by 20.7 % and 15.6 %, respectively. The best results in terms of crop structure were noted on hybrids: Alytus 2, ROSS 199, Katerina, P 7460, Rossiyskaya 1, P 7515 and Prokhladnensky 175 SV.