DEVELOPMENT OF THE F1 GENERATION OF DIFFERENT SAMPLES OBTAINED FROM THE HOLSTEIN BREED, DEPENDING ON AGE AND FEEDING

Abstract

 Dairy and milk production is an important branch of agriculture. The basis for high productivity and health of dairy cows is the rearing of calves and young animals. Especially in the first six months of life, the feeding intensity of calves should allow them to use their growth potential. To prevent animal obesity, moderate feeding is recommended at the age of two, especially in the period close to calving. Insufficient feeding during the period of rearing calves and overfeeding of young animals at the age of two are common problems. Deficiencies in the development of body weight are compensated by growth in the second year of life. Since this is associated with an increase in fat reserves, this growth is not considered favorable. Breeding method determines the time of the first mating and the age of the first calving, which are economic indicators in the breeding of young cattle. Therefore, the desired target value in the breeding of young animals is determined according to the principle of dependence on the initial age of calving. Based on this, the necessary time for artificial insemination is determined, and at this time the live weight should be within 400-420 kg. This live weight is achieved over a certain period of time by the corresponding daily weight gain. Any weight gain should be controlled by special feeding. When calculating the age of first calving, the availability of strong and roughage feed, minerals, vitamins, etc., farming and business conditions play a major role. Breeding costs, which are one of the three largest cost items in milk production, are considered the main factor.