IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF SEED ROOTSTOCKS IN THE NURSERY TO OBTAIN PEAR PLANTING MATERIAL

Abstract

Despite the morphogenetic differences in the rootstocks, quince seedlings are of exceptional interest in obtaining dwarf precocious graft-rootstock combinations with pear cultivars in intensive horticulture. The selection and application of various technological methods for improving the quality of seed rootstocks will increase the efficiency of their production. Study goal – to evaluate the effect of various bedding materials consisting of organic and mineral components that favor the soil structure for improving the quality of quince seedlings of VNIISPK breeding. The results of the work will improve the quality of seed stocks for pears and increase the efficiency of their production in a nursery. Methods – All studies were carried out in 2023-2024 at the VNIISPK nursery using sand, biohumus, agroperlite and sphagnum moss as bedding material for sowing quince seeds in a 5 cm layer in the base of artificial ridges. The research methodology consisted of observations and records conducted with research objects on mother plants in the mother and seed orchard and in the nursery. The work with quince seedlings was carried out in a nursery using greenhouses without shelter (artificial ridges). All records and observations were carried out in accordance with “Program and methodology of fruit, berry and nut variety study” (Оrel, 1999). Scientific novelty – in the conditions of the central part of Russia, the potential of common quince of VNIISPK breeding as a dwarf seed stock of intensive type for cultivating pear cultivars is being studied for the first time. Results – In 2024, it was established that the quality of seed quince stocks was improved in nursery conditions when sown in artificial beds using a mixture of perlite, biohumus and sand in a ratio of 1:1:1 applied to the base of the rows with a layer of 5 cm as the underlying material.