The pears varieties optimization of the NCZRIHandW’s selection Northen Caucasian Zonal Research Institute of Horticultural and Winegrowing
Keywords:
рear, varieties, winter hardiness, drought tolerance, yield, adaptability, fruit quality, chemical compositionAbstract
The article presents the results of many years of research on the cultivar selection of pear of the North Caucasian Zonal Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture. The role of domestic breeding of varieties increases in the terms of the problem of import substitution. The results of the research confirmed the adaptation of varieties set up in the North-Caucasian Zonal Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture to the conditions of the southern region. A brief characterization of 11 varieties of pear breeding of NCZRIH?V is given; 4 varieties transferred to state variety testing: Duet, Dachnica of Kuban, Iunskaya rannyaya, Krasnodarskaya letnyaya, Luberskaya, Leven, Samorodok. Varieties sources of signs and of interest test under production conditions of farms of different ownership forms with late flowering and flowers with sufficiently stable to return frost are found: Zolushka, Iunskaya rannyaya, Krasnodarskaya letnyaya, Malishka, Shehan. Varieties of sources of evidence of drought are Iunskaya rannyaya, Zolushka, Krasnodarskaya letnyaya, Shehan; varieties of sources of evidence of productivity are Iunskaya rannyaya, Zolushka, Leven, Malishka, Shehan. Varieties with field resistance to scab over a number of years are found: Iunskaya rannyaya, Duet, Zolushka, Krasnodarskaya letnyaya, Malishka, Samorodok, Shehan. Varieties on appeal and taste the fruits are recommended: Dachnica of Kuban, Zolushka, Luberskaya, Leven, Shehan. The chemical composition of the fruit of pears due to the varietal characteristics are studied. Varieties of sources of the high content of soluble solids are Zolushka, Dachnica of Kuban and Luberskaya; high content of acids are Krasnodarskaya letnyaya, Dachnica of Kuban, Rannyaya Sergeeva; high content of vitamin C – Leven, Samorodok, Zolushka; high content of vitamin P – Shehan, Leven, Samorodok. Promising varieties of pears for industrial use in the south of Russia, which can be used in addressing issues on import substitution are recommended.
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