RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF BLACK CURRANT ELITE FORMS SELECTION BY THE FEDERAL STATE BUDGET SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTION FEDERAL AGENCY FOR SCIENTIFIC ORGANISATION OF NORTH-EAST

Abstract

The aim of the research is to study breeding material of black current in conditions of North-East of European part of Russia to distinguish the sources combining high productivity, large fruits, dessert taste and sustainability to bud mite and powdery mildew. The evaluation of breeding material had been held in the orchard of FSBSI FARC of North-East (Kirov) in 2020-2024. 12 elite varieties of black currant in comparison with the check variety Vologda and a previously transmitted variety Shagane were included in the research. The most productive forms have high self-fertility: 52-2-13 (the self-fertility is 74.7%, the productivity is 73.8 c/ha), 36-2-13 (62.6 % and 58.7 c/ha) with a reliable exceeding of the check variety Vologda (41.2 c/ha). The wide variation of productivity (V=32.5%) over the years was found during the research. The most adaptive form was 52-2-13 (V=5.9%) with the range of this feature from 71.0 – 81.0 c/ha. Seven forms, the previously transmitted variety Shagane and the check variety Vologda were distinguished in high rates (0.75-0.95) when the fertility resistance coefficient was calculated. Based on the results of study, the elite forms were allocated as genetic sources for the breeding: in combination of productivity, self-fertility, large fruits, sustainability to biotic factors – 36-2-13; in combination of good taste, high content of sugars and ascorbic acid – 44-2-13, 18-1-13; in large fruits – 6-6-13, 30-13-13, 40-2-13; in sustainability to bud mite and powdery mildew – 5-1-13, 21-2-13, 17-2-13, 44-2-13, 35-1-13, 40-2-13, 30-13-13, 14-2-13. The form 52-2-13 [10-1-07 (Karachinskaya x Binar) x Arkadiya] was defined as it was prominent for high and stable productivity 73.8 c/ha and self-fertility (74.7%), large berries (1.82 g), dessert taste (4.5 points), sustainability to bud mite and powdery mildew (0.5 points), the form will be delivered to the State Variety Testing.