FORMATION OF THE ONION CROP (ALLIUM CEPA L.) IN THE SOUTHERN FOREST-STEPPE OF THE BASHKORTOSTAN REPUBLIC

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study of the yield formation of various onion varieties with the mineral fertilizers application and growth regulators in the Southern forest-steppe the conditions of the Bashkortostan Republic. The studies were carried out in 2021-2023 in the experimental fields of the Plant Growing Department, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology of the Educational and Scientific Center of the Bashkir State Agrarian University. Soil is leached chernozem, nitrogen content according to Kjeldahl – 0.33%, phosphorus – 0.12%, mobile (according to Chirikov) – 100 mg / kg, potassium – 1.3%, mobile – 330 mg / kg of soil. The humus horizon thickness reaches 45…50 cm. The highest yield (61.7 t/ha) was obtained against the background of N90P90K90+Heteroauxin in the Red Baron variety with an average of 48.2 t/ha in the experiment, the lowest – in Strigunovsky local (N90P90K90+Epin-Extra) – 38.4 t/ha with an average of 39.7 t/ha, but the highest amount of dry matter was against the background of the Control nutrition (without fertilizers)+Epin-Extra 18.89%, average – 16.73%. The highest amount of sucrose was established against the background of the Control (without fertilizers)+Epin-Extra variety Red Baron – 2.60%, average – 1.88%, the lowest – in Strigunovsky local with N90P90K90+Control (water) – 1.34%, average – 1.57%. Vitamin C accumulated in the Red Baron onion variety against the background of N90P90K90+Heteroauxin is 19.9 mg%, average is 13.6 mg%, the lowest against the background of Control (without fertilizers)+Control (water) in the same variety, average is 11.4 mg%.