The Meadow chernozem-like soil restoration of fertility monitoring in grain-soybean crop rotation
Keywords:
meadow chernozem-like soil, manure and mineral fertilizers, agrochemical indicators, grain-soybean crop rotation, crop productivityAbstract
More than half a century, carried out monitoring of using fertilizers, crop productivity corn-soybean crop rotation and reproduction of fertility of meadow chernozem- like soil in long stationary experiment. It is established that after 50 years of systematic application of N42P48 counting on 1 hectare of crop rotation phosphate soil fund structure in the direction of increasing of share active and mobile mineral fractions has changed. Combined use of mineral fertilizers and manure has increased humus content relatively to control at 0,31 %. Expanded reproduction of soil fertility contributed to increased productivity crop rotation concerning variant without application of fertilizers on 2,6 t of fodder units on hectare due to growth of productivity of cultures. Change of soybean productivity closely associated with change of mobile phosphorus content in the arable soil layer (R = 0,633...0,724), wheat - with a content of mineral nitrogen in the tillering stage (R = 0,952) and available phosphorus (R = 0,861). Coefficients of consumption nitrogen by soybean from fertilizers changed from 3 to 27 % at amount of carrying out from 106 to 116 kg/hectare and haven't been tied to doses of introduction of this element, carrying out of phosphorus irrespective of a dose of fertilizers and a predecessor changed from 20 to 28 kg/hectare, coefficients of using an element - within 1-5 %. Increase of nitrogen yield by wheat harvest follow in accordance with increase its productivity, exceeding control for 18-34 %, and change of coefficients of using an element increased from 13 % in variant with introduction only of nitrogen fertilizers to 60 % with using of increased norms of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers.
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