PRODUCTIVITY OF THE KITROSSA SOYBEAN VARIETY DEPENDS ON REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS FORMATION

Abstract

The research was carried out under the conditions of a growing experiment in the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Soybeans with the mid-season soybean variety Kitrossa. In 2021–2023, plant productivity was studied depending on the formation of reproductive organs during the growing season at two sowing dates – May 20 and May 25. It was found that the largest number of reproductive organs was formed at the sowing date of May 20, the number of flowers on plants was 41 more per plant, the number of bean ovaries was greater by 21, and the number of beans was 3 more per plant compared to plants with the sowing date May 25. The highest abortion rate was detected among flowers when sowing on May 25 (51,1 %), when sowing on May 20 it was 10,8 % less. The fall of beans when sowing on May 20 was 15,4 %, in plants with the sowing date of May 25 – 18,2 %. The lowest abortivity of seeds in beans was detected when sowing on May 20, which had a positive effect on the productivity value. As a result, a tendency was established to increase the productivity of Kitrossa soybean plants by 0,94 g/plant. when sowing on May 20 relative to this indicator for the option with a sowing date of May 25. A close correlation between plant productivity and quantity was revealed. Correlation coefficients ranged from 0,74 to 0,99 (r_crit=0,57) depending on the sowing period. According to the studied indicators of the formation and abortion of reproductive organs, as well as seed productivity, favorable conditions for plants were at the sowing date of May 20.