AN OBJECTIVE WAY TO PRESERVE THE GENES OF DOMESTIC SMALL IN NUMBER CATTLE BREEDS

Abstract

The results on the preservation of the genetic characteristics of the breed of Sychevka of cattle under conditions admixture of Holstein blood using marker genes of blood groups are presented. The studies were conducted from 1977 to 2021 in pedigree farms  of the Smolensk region. The possibility of preserving by the method of immunogenetic monitoring of valuable hereditary traits of cows outstanding in milk productivity, from the families of the breed of Sychevka cattle, which allows preserving their genes in generations, thereby maintaining hereditary variability and increasing the dairy productivity of animals, has been established. Under immunogenetic control, the desirable genes of the Dobrynya 5141 cow, born in 1963 of the breed of Sychevka, marked with the A^/B^/ EAB-allele, have been preserved for 6 generations and are distributed in the genotypes of female offspring of the herd pedigree farm Rybkovskoe. The genetic predisposition of cows to high milk productivity is also preserved. It is proposed to use a method tested on animals of the breed of Sychevka in breeding to preserve the gene pool of other small or endangered breeds cattle.