THE STUDY OF CHERRIES DISTANT HYBRIDS IN THE NURSERY

Abstract

The studies were carried out in the nursery of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding in 2016-2020. The results of a long-term study of rootstock forms, isolated from distant hybrids of sour cherry bred by the Institute, in the nursery as rootstocks are presented. The influence of rootstock forms on the growth and development of plants of various scion-rootstock combinations is shown. As a result of many years of study, the survival rate of rooted cuttings of distant sour cherry hybrids in the nursery ranged from 57.2 to 72.2%. The graft-rootstock combinations Orlitsa and Shokoladnitsa at 74324, 74332, 74336 had one hundred percent survival rate of eyes; Putinka at 74326, 74340; The same age at 74324, 74332; Turgenevka at 74332, 74336. In other variants, the survival rate was also quite high and varied from 83.8 to 98.8%. When studying biometric indicators, it was found that all combinations of the Rovesnitsa cultivar were characterized by good performance standard seedlings (GOST R 53135-2008), the diameter value ranged from 1.0 to 1.4 cm, while the plant height was from 103.4 to 142.5 cm. Sour cherry seedlings are characterized by good development in the nursery: -8-101, their height reaches 129 cm, while the stem diameter is 1.43 cm; Putinka on 82987 was 120.3 cm high with a trunk thickness of 1.25 cm; Turgenevka at 74324, 74332, 74340, Ts-8-101 - height from 102.8 to 125.1 cm, bole thickness from 1.0 to 1.30 cm; Shokoladnitsa on forms 74326, 74332, Ts-8-101 with a height of 106.2 to 118 cm, trunk size - 1.0-1.29 cm. The output of standard one-year-old cherries at the control level was in combinations: 98.6 and 83.4%); The same age at 74326 (60.0%) and 82987 (75%); Turgenevka at 74324, 74332 (75%); Shokoladnitsa at 74340 (70.8%). These scion-rootstock combinations were planted in the garden for further study.