YIELD OF APPLE TREE VARIETIES BRED BY FSBI VNIISPK ON INTERCALARY ROOTSTOCKS

Abstract

The article presents the results of the yield of apple cultivars selected by VNIISPK: ‘Pamyat Isaeva’ of autumn maturation and winter cultivars ‘Bolotovskoe’, ‘Imrus’ and ‘Orlik’ on semi-dwarf intercalary rootstocks 3-4-98 and 3-3-72. The orchard was laid in 1993. The trees of the cultivars entered fruiting in the 4th year of growth in the orchard. 'Imrus’ on the intercalary rootstock 3-3-72 yielded on average 28.5 kg per tree (158.2 centner/ha) in the fourth year of growth in the orchard. At the age of 10, the yield of ‘Imrus’ on the 3-3-72 intercalary was 90.1 kg/tree (500.0 centner/ha), ‘Orlik’ had 61.8 kg/tree (343.0 centner/ha) on the same intercalary. The analysis of the yield by age periods showed that up to the age of fifteen trees, the yield increased. For all years of fruiting, the largest amount of harvest was noted in ‘Orlik’ and ‘Imrus’ on the intercalary rootstock 3-3-72: 597.1 kg/tree and 769.8 kg/tree, respectively. According to the average yield for all the years of fruiting, ‘Imrus’ on a semi-dwarf intercalary rootstock 3-3-72 surpassed all the studied cultivars on intercalary rootstocks 3-3-72 and 3-4-98. When studying the regularity of fruiting, it was revealed that ‘Pamyat Isaeva’ on a semi-dwarf intercalary rootstock 3-4-98 and ‘Orlik’ (with an index of 0.40) and ‘Imrus’ (with an index of 0.36) on a semi-dwarf intercalary rootstock 3-3-72 were classified as regularly fruiting cultivars. ‘Bolotovskoye’ and ‘Imrus’ on a semi-dwarf intercalary rootstock 3-4-98 were assigned to the group of non-sharply periodically fruiting cultivars with an index of 0.48 and 0.47, respectively.