THE QUALITY OF FRUITS IN DISTANT (INTERSPECIFIC) HYBRIDS OF GOOSEBERRIES WITH THE GROSSULARIA ROBUSTA SPECIES PARTICIPATION

Abstract

The currently used domestic assortment of gooseberries does not fully meet the needs of both private and industrial producersA particularly clear shortage is observed with respect to industrial-type varieties that meet the requirements of combine harvesting. In this regard, the goal was set for us to obtain forms of gooseberries with a complex of traits that most optimally correspond to the type of industrial gooseberry variety. For this purpose , a wild gooseberry species Grossularia robusta was involved in breeding. This species is characterized by a compact erect bush shape, absolute resistance to American powdery mildew and leaf spots, and these traits are consistently inherited in the offspring of this species. At the same time, seedlings exceeding the wild parent in the weight of berries were noted in the second hybrid generation, obtained from open pollination from families with the participation of Grossularia robusta,. These seedlings were also characterized by a complex of economic and biological traits inherited from the species parent: compact, erect habitus of the bush, high resistance to American powdery mildew and leaf spots. The use of Grossularia robusta in breeding made it possible to obtain a number of selected forms with a complex of traits optimally corresponding to the industrial type: an erect (orthotropic) type of bush growth, high resistance to American powdery mildew and leaf spots, a sufficient size of berries (average berry weight 1.1-2.2 g, maximum berry weight 2.6-4.0 g), the physico-mechanical properties of berries required for machine harvesting conditions (berry separation force in the range of 200-300 g, berry crushing force in the range of 600-1800 g, berry relative strength coefficient of 8.0 and higher).