PERSPECTIVE DON ABORIGINAL GRAPE VARIETY DURMAN

Abstract

In 2015–2021 in the conditions of the Lower Don region (Rostov region, Russia), a study of the Don native grapevine variety Durman was carried out in comparison with the control variety Riesling Rhenish. The studies were carried out on the Don ampelographic collection according to the methods generally accepted in viticulture and National Standards. On the base of the data from Institute's meteorological station, the meteorological conditions in the years of observation are presented and described. The purpose of the research was to study the production and biological indicators of rare aboriginal Don grapevine variety Durman. The data of phenological observations, agrobiological indicators, assessment of the yield and its quality are given. The percentage of preserved eyes in the covering shaft averaged 69.9% for Durman variety and 70.1% for Riesling Rhenish variety. According to the fruitfulness of the shoots (78 and 69%) and the fruiting coefficient (1.2), there were no significant differences between the varieties. Variety Durman was more than 2 times higher than the control variety in terms of average bunch weight (180 and 96 g, respectively) and yield (12.2 and 5.3 t/ha, respectively). The obtained experimental samples of dry white wines had high organoleptic characteristics. The tasting scores for Durman and Riesling Rhenish wines were 8.6 and 8.7 points, respectively (on a 10-point scale). The data on the molecular genetic study of Durman variety (for 6 microsatellite loci) are presented. According to the results of the research, Durman grapevine variety stood out as promising in terms of yield and quality of wine products. This variety is recommended for expanding the range of vine plantations and for use in breeding for crop quality. In 2022, it was included in the State Register of varieties of the Russian Federation approved for use in the North Caucasus region.