THE EFFICIENCY OF THE SOIL CULTIVATION PRACTICES FOR MEDICK IN THE POSTHARVEST SOWING

Abstract

The goal of the study was to uncover secondary tillage techniques facilitating significant improvement of germination capacity of seeds and medick yield during post-harvest planting. Experiments were conducted on meadow chestnut soils of flat land part of Dagestan in 2014-2017 as a two-factor field test. Field germination capacity of seeds, plants mass accumulation and yield of medick hay were examined during the particular techniques of secondary tillage under the conditions of the soil leveling before planting and without such leveling. It was established that the secondary tillage for medick on the irrigated flat land part of Dagestan with arid climate must performed as tandem harrowing with heavy spike harrows and with leveling of soil using leveler MV-6. In this case it is possible to collect the complete hay harvest of medick with the yield of 4.7 tonnes per hectare, while on next year it can reach 14.9 tonnes per hectare. Secondary transverse-longitudinal tillage with disc harrows and steam cultivators results in decrease in the field germination capacity of seeds and yield of medick hay in a half of a year period in total from 19.6 tonnes to 12.5 and 11.5 tonnes per hectare, respectively. Exclusion of preplanting soil leveling from this agriculture technique leads to losses of 5.0, 8.4 and 8.4% of the yield. This soil treatment know-how is the most cost-efficient: expenses are only 1.0 thousand roubles, tandem disc harrowing leads to increase to 2.0 thousand roubles, while double cultivation – to 1.5 thousand roubles per hectare.