RESULTS OF LONG-TERM MONITORING PERENNIAL GRASSES PRODUCTIVENESS WITHIN AGROLANDSCAPE

Abstract

In an era of environmental crisis, monitoring crop yields is of great importance. On this basis, it is possible to develop adaptive methods for land reclamation. The paper considers the results of statistical analysis of monitoring data on the yield of perennial grasses. The studies were conducted on an agroecological transect - a narrow field, 1300 m long, intersecting all the main microlandscape positions of a finite moraine hill. Determination of the productivity of grass stands and parameters of the landscape environment is carried out at sampling points that differ only in natural relation. They are regularly located along the transect at a distance of 40 m from each other. The studies were conducted in 1998 - 2017. For the analysis of climatic parameters, the data of the meteorological station of Tver were used. Processing of the data was carried out by the method of multiple regression based on the package STATGRAPHICS plus. For the agricultural landscape as a whole and its individual parts, multiple regression equations were obtained, describing the influence of parameters of landscape components and long-term fluctuations of agrometeorological indicators on hay yield. The patterns of adaptive reactions of plants to the variability of the properties of the natural environment and agro-climatic conditions within different parts of the finite-moraine ridge are revealed. It is shown that agro-climatic conditions and landscape features of the territory have a significant impact on the grass production process. The negative influence of weather conditions on grasses of the first year of life, as a rule, affects the yield of quite old grass stands. Features of the redistribution of heat and moisture in different parts of the agrolandscape determine the dependence of grass stands on soil waterlogging and inversion processes. It is recommended to carry out drainage within the entire moraine hill, however, at the upper elevations of the agrolandscape, systems of dual regulation of the water-air regime of soils should be applied.