SPRING WHEAT REACTION ON NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND BIOPREPARATIONS APPLICATION

Abstract

In a microfield experiment on dark gray forest soils with medium cultivation, we evaluated the effectiveness of new endophytic biopreparations in spring wheat compared to the standard one when nitrogen fertilizer was applied. As a result of two-year study experiment, it was shown that the grain yield of spring wheat increased significantly as a result of seed inoculation with biopreparations on RK-background, with the increase from all biopreparations ranging from 25 to 42%.  The effectiveness of the biopreparation V167 corresponded, and V417 exceeded the standard biopreparation extrasol. Increasing the dose of nitrogen fertilizer from 45 to 90 kg/ha provided a tendency to increase grain yield. Sowing with inoculated seeds on the background of N₄₅ provides grain yield equivalent to the introduction of nitrogen fertilizer under the crop at a dose of N₉₀, on the background of N₄₅ all the studied biopreparations on grain yield effect is equivalent.  The application of nitrogen fertilizer in both doses yielded grain of class 2 protein content. Application of biological preparations and nitrogen fertilizer ensured formation of grain of the 3rd class, while the grain corresponded to the 2nd class (13,8%) when spring wheat seeds were inoculated with V167, and the grain corresponded to the 3rd class when other biological preparations were used. The maximum mass of 1000 grains of spring wheat was established when seeds were inoculated with V 417 on RK-background and when N90 was applied.  As a result of growth of grain and straw weight and some increase of NPK concentration in them, accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the crop increased by 1.5 times, potassium by 1.3 times, the maximum increase of their accumulation was obtained with the application of nitrogen fertilizer as well as biopreparation on both backgrounds of fertilizer application.